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Balmain () is a ''haute couture'' fashion house that was founded by Pierre Balmain. Balmain was born in 1914 in France. His father owned a drapery business and his mother and sister owned a fashion boutique where he often worked after his father’s death in 1921. He always had a love of fashion and an eye for design. He attended the Ècole des Beaux Arts in 1933-1934 with intent to study architecture but instead ended up spending the majority of his time designing dresses. After working for atelier Robert Piquet as a freelance artist and spending time with Edward Molyneux, he left school to work for Molyneux. In the late 1930s, he served in the French air force and the army pioneer corps. After peace was declared, he worked at Lucien Lelong and opened his own fashion house under his name. He released his first collection in 1945 and his first fragrance in 1949.〔“Balmain.” Vogue English. Accessed January 24, 2014. http://www.vogue.fr/thevoguelist/balmain-1/318. 〕 While at Lelong, he met Christian Dior, a designer who would play a huge role in Balmain’s career and the postwar fashion industry in general.〔“Balmain Biography. The Life and History of Balmain.” StyleSequel.com. Accessed January 20, 2014. http://www.stylesequel.com/designers/balmain/biography. 〕 ==History== In the period following World War II, Pierre Balmain was "a king of French fashion" and outfitted stars including Ava Gardner and Brigitte Bardot, the Nicaraguan first lady Hope Portocarrero,〔Yaeger, Lynn. "Balmain Nouveau." ''Vogue'' (October 2007), p254-56.〕 and Queen Sirikit of Thailand. The brand is mentioned in the 1969 song "Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?" by Peter Sarstedt, where he says in the lyrics, "''Your clothes are all made by Balmain''". During World War 2, resources worldwide were heavily rationed and an overall sacrifice was made in order to supply the war overseas. Fashion took the form of simple silhouettes that would use up the least amount of fabric, like shortened hemlines. Women were encouraged to forgo stockings, and some even used charcoal to draw lines on their legs to mimic the style of their stockings. After the war, fabric was no longer rationed and designers were encouraged to bring glamour and excess back to their creations. During this era, Christian Dior coined a silhouette that he named “The New Look.”〔“Fashion History: The New Look Era.” Speakfashion.us Fashion History: The New Look Era. Accessed January 24, 2014. http://www.speak-fashion.de/fashion_history/1940to1960/fashion-history-new-look-era. 〕 This style praised full skirts, nipped-in waistlines, and full shoulders. The bodices were heavily corseted and structured to create the illusion of an impossibly proportioned woman. The dresses were extravagant and lavish, a polar opposite of the modest and utilitarian styles worn during the war. Balmain was among the designers to adopt this look into their own aesthetic, in fact he has been said to have credited himself with the idea. His styles were effortless and refined while still remaining luxurious and opulent. He traveled the world lecturing on the fashion in France, during which time his attention was sparked by the US market and all its potential. In 2015 H&M announced a collaboration with Balmain. Making Balmain the 11th guest-designer collaboration. 〔(), 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Balmain (fashion house)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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